The acoustical output of loudspeaker systems is usually measured in the far field under anechoic conditions requiring a large measurement distance and special treatment of the room (absorbing room boundaries, air condition). Also the measurements of directivity characteristics at sufficient angular resolution are also very time consuming. The measurement in the near field of the sound source provides significant benefits (dominant direct sound, higher SNR, less climate impact) but requires a scanning process and a holographic processing of the measured data. This paper describes the theoretical basis of the new measurement technique and the practical consequences for the loudspeaker diagnostics.
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https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=18402
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