The Harman around-ear and on-ear headphone target, defined using a GRAS 45CA test fixture with a RA045 (711) ear simulator and custom pinna, is often misused with other fixtures, leading to measurement and interpretation errors due to differing acoustic transfer impedances. We compared several headphones on the original fixture and two newer models, specifying calibration and target curves for each to improve accuracy. The purpose was to define Harman target equivalents for these new fixtures that account for differences in their acoustic impedances and produce similar sound quality. Listening tests assessed how similarly headphones sounded when measured and equalized on all three fixtures using these revised targets.
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