Reflection from boundaries which alter the resulting frequency response of microphones have long been a problem in recording and professional sound. In recent years, omnidirectional microphones have been positioned very close to surfaces in order to move the reflection nulls to higher frequencies. Using an omnidirectional microphone near a surface makes the directional sensitivity omnidirectional in the hemisphere above the surface. In many applications, it is desirable for a surface-mounted microphone to have a directional response. This paper will discuss the design and development of a unidirectional surface-mounted microphone that meets the frequency response requirements of an omnidirectional microphone near a surface, and has the added benefit of a cardioid sensitivity pattern in the hemispherical space above the mounting surface.
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https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=11632
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