The classical theory used by several authors for synthesis of a vented-box loudspeaker system assumes that it radiates like a monopole; the consequence is an increase of the response, at low frequencies, by 24 dB per octave. But, at very low frequencies, the system acts like a direct-radiating loudspeaker, i.e., like a dipole; the increase is 18 dB per octave. We study here the transition between dipole and monopole radiation, and show that in general this precision is of slight consequence in practice.
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