This article describes an approach to the problem of upmixing one-channel audio signals for multi-channel reproduction. The proposed method separates an ambient signal from an audio signal by computing the difference between the audio signal and a suitable approximation of the audio signal in the time-frequency domain. The approximation is derived by means of Non-negative Matrix Factorization minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence. A surround audio signal is generated by feeding the separated ambient signal into the rear channels. Results of extensive listening tests confirm the listeners` preference of the upmixed audio compared to unprocessed audio and competing upmix algorithms when played back on a 5.0 system.
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