A fundamental problem in auditory displays implemented with conventional stereo loudspeakers is that correct localization of sound images can be perceived only at the sweet spot and along the symmetrical axis of the stereo array. Although several signal processing-based techniques have been proposed to expand the listening area, less research on the loudspeaker configuration has been reported. This paper describes a new loudspeaker design that enhances the localization of sound images on the surface of flat display panels over a wide listening area. Numerical simulations of the acoustic field radiated, and subjective tests performed using a prototype panel show that the simple principle of the design effectively modifies the radiation pattern so as to widen the listening area.
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https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=15061
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