Echo cancellation is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of speech communications using voice-over Internet protocol (VoIP), especially when users have discrete microphones and loudspeakers rather than a standard headset. Because the remote voice appears near the loudspeaker, both the near and far voices appear at the microphone. A new approach to aid the echo-cancelling algorithm embeds a hidden watermark signal into the arriving signal. Detecting this signature allows the algorithm to stop or restart the process of the adaptive echo cancellation.
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https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=15228
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