Accurate measurement of the effective radiation area of loudspeakers is important because this parameter determines the acoustical power and the efficiency. The conventional methods fail for microspeakers and headphones when the surround geometry is complex and the excursions do not vary linearly. Two new methods are proposed to handle these cases: using laser sensor and microphone to measure voice-coil displacement and sound pressure, and using laser triangulation scanner to measure vibration and geometry of the radiator.
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https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=15775
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