Various techniques are being used by broadcasters to normalize the loudness levels of their programmes. For long-form content, EBU R128 recommends that the full programme be measured using the algorithm described in ITU-R BS.1770-2. ATSC A/85 recommends instead that only the “Anchor Element” of long-form content need be measured. For narrow dynamic range material, the differences between the two measures are not large, but there can be large differences between the two approaches when the material has a wide dynamic range. This paper compares these two measurement approaches and explores their subjective consequences.
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