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An initial feasibility study is presented exploring the use of a pre-trained feature extractor designed for large-scale audio classification applied to the task of predicting colouration between binaural signals. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) is trained to predict binaural colouration using feature embeddings obtained from the VGGish network and data from five previously conducted listening tests. The evaluation compares seven versions of the network, each trained using different data augmentation methods, along with three existing signal processing methods for predicting binaural colouration: basic spectral difference (BSD), log. spectral distance (LSD) and an auditory model for predicting binaural colouration (PBC-2). Results show that while the MLP networks are comparable to BSD and LSD, specific features relevant for colouration may be needed to compete against the more complex PBC-2.
Author (s): McKenzie, Thomas; Wright, Alec; Turner, Daniel; Lladó, Pedro
Affiliation:
University of Edinburgh; University of Edinburgh; University of Southampton; University of Surrey
(See document for exact affiliation information.)
Publication Date:
2025-09-02
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Session subject:
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Audio
Permalink: https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=23007
(255KB)
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McKenzie, Thomas; Wright, Alec; Turner, Daniel; Lladó, Pedro; 2025; Predicting binaural colouration using VGGish embeddings [PDF]; University of Edinburgh; University of Edinburgh; University of Southampton; University of Surrey; Paper 18; Available from: https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=23007
McKenzie, Thomas; Wright, Alec; Turner, Daniel; Lladó, Pedro; Predicting binaural colouration using VGGish embeddings [PDF]; University of Edinburgh; University of Edinburgh; University of Southampton; University of Surrey; Paper 18; 2025 Available: https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=23007