Voice-coil overheating is a main reason for loudspeaker damage and failure. It is shown that the voice-coil temperature depends linearly on the so called -moving power.- Knowing the basic thermal parameters of a moving-coil loudspeaker, its isothermal diagram can be determined in a Power-Time domain, defining the -Safe Operating Area- of the loudspeaker. It is clear that the protection circuit should maintain the input signal level within the safe Power-Time limit. The effectiveness of existing protection circuits have been estimated, and some new protection circuits for active and passive loudspeakers, are presented.
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https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=5657
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