A spot microphone must have good spatial and timbral characteristics when added to a mix at a significant level. Often this is achieved by artificially processing a monophonic signal, e.g. by adding reverb. However, it is better to use stereophonic spot microphones, because they provide a natural spatial extension as well as a potentially low correlation of the diffuse sound. This paper describes the development of the four-channel "ORTF-2plus2" technique, a spot microphone technique with horizontal and vertical stereophonic extension. This technique is closely related to the "ORTF-3D" technique, a widely used eight-channel microphone technique for ambience recording.
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https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=22189
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