An apparatus has been constructed which not only gives a variable and controllable amount of clipping which can be switched in and out, but also reads the percentage of clipping present at any given time-both in terms of time and energy. This apparatus has been used to conduct experiments on the audibility of clipping. Since the apparatus is present in the circuit at all times any difference detectable when switched to `clipping` is most probably due to the effect of clipping itself. The apparatus has also been used to determine the change in the power output of amplifiers with increasing percentages of clipping being present for various input signals including sine waves, noise and music signals.
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